Zeugophora subspinosa (Fabricius, 1781)

mine

For all the western european Zeugophora species applies: large, blackish brown, upper-surface blotch. Oviposition at the leaf underside, in a small pit, that is covered by secretion. These oviposition marks remain visible as small, transparent points. Larva yellow, flattened, with a distinct head but no feet. They live communal, and leave the mine through an upper-surface exit slit.

According to Augustin (1998a) the commonest Zeugophora.

host plants

Salicaceae, monophagous (?)

Populus alba, carolinesis, nigra, tremula.

P. tremula is the main host plant; Augustin, Bukejs also mention Salix, but according to Rheinheimer & Hassler (2018a) only records from Populus tremula are trustworthy.

phenology

Larvae from June – September (Hering, 1957a).

BENELUX

BE uncertain (see below).

NE observed (Beenen & Winkelman, 1993a).

LUX uncertain (see below).

distribution within Europe

From Norway and Siberia to Spain and (Cox, 2007a; Warchalowski, 2003a). The Fauna Europaea (2007) gives quite different information.

larvae

Grandi (1938b) gives an extensive description; mandible with 2 teeth.

pupa

See Steinhausen (2001b).

notes

See Warchalowski (2003a) for a key to the beetles.

references

d’Alessandro & Biondi (2008a), Augustin (1998a), Beenen & Winkelman (1993a), Bieńkowski (2004a), Bukejs (2009b), Cox (2007a), van Frankenhuyzen & Houtman (1972a), Grandi (1938b), Heinig & Schöller (2012a), Hering (1923a, 1957a), Hubble (2010a), Huber (1969a), Jong Eun Lee (1998a), Mohr (1985a), Regalin, Bezděk, Penati & Ciapponi (2006a), Rheinheimer & Hassler (2018a), Robbins (1991a), Sønderup (1949a), Steinhausen (1994a, 2001b), Tamisier (2009a), Vorst (2010a), Warchalowski (2003a).